Physical activity management system and method for performing the same

ABSTRACT

A method for performing a physical activity management system includes producing a first exercise solution for a user by a calculating unit, wherein the first exercise solution includes a first target of an exercise intensity of the user; detecting a physical signal of the user in a period of time by a sensing unit, wherein the physical signal includes a heart rate and a respiratory frequency; producing an exercise status of the user by the calculating unit according to the physical signal detected by the sensing unit, wherein the exercise status includes a heart rate recovery of the user and a respiratory rate recovery of the user; making an adjustment decision by comparing the first exercise solution and the exercise status by the calculating unit; and modifying the first exercise solution to become a second exercise solution according to the adjustment decision by the calculating unit.

This application claims the benefits of U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 62/530,864, filed Jul. 11, 2017, the subject matters of which are incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The disclosure relates in general to a physical activity management system and a method for performing the same.

BACKGROUND

Exercising is an important way to maintain a healthy condition. Recently, more and more measures can evaluate the level of exercising for an individual. Borg scale is a well-known quantitative measure of perceived exertion during physical activity. A doctor or a sport coach often use Borg scale to assess the intensity of training and competition. However, the Borg scale is related to the feeling of individuals performing exercise, rather than an objective level of evaluation for the physical activity. Therefore, setting a system for evaluating the physical activity of individuals performing exercise in a more objective level is still in highly demands.

SUMMARY

The disclosure is directed to a physical activity management system and a method for performing the same. In one embodiment, the physical activity management system uses parameters including a heart rate recovery and a respiratory rate recovery of a user to evaluate a suitable exercise solution for the user. The exercise solution may be modified according to an adjustment decision upon doing the physical activity every time. That is, the physical activity management system may coach the user practicing the physical activity in a personalized and objective way.

According to one embodiment, a method for performing a physical activity management system is provided. The method includes: producing a first exercise solution for a user by a calculating unit, wherein the first exercise solution includes a first target of an exercise intensity of the user; detecting a physical signal of the user in a period of time by a sensing unit, wherein the physical signal includes a heart rate and a respiratory frequency; producing an exercise status of the user by the calculating unit according to the physical signal detected by the sensing unit, wherein the exercise status includes a heart rate recovery of the user and a respiratory rate recovery of the user; making an adjustment decision by comparing the first exercise solution and the exercise status by the calculating unit; and modifying the first exercise solution to become a second exercise solution according to the adjustment decision by the calculating unit.

According to another embodiment, a physical activity management system is provided. The physical activity management system includes a sensing unit configured to detect a physical signal of a user in a period of time, wherein the physical signal includes a heart rate and a respiratory frequency; a calculating unit configured to produce a first exercise solution, produce an exercise status of the user according to the physical signal detected by the sensing unit, make an adjustment decision by comparing the exercise status and the first exercise solution, and modify the first exercise solution to become a second exercise solution according to the adjustment decision, wherein the first exercise solution includes a first target of an exercise intensity of the user, wherein the exercise status includes a heart rate recovery of the user and a respiratory rate recovery of the user.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows steps of a physical activity management system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a physical activity management system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 3 shows steps of a physical activity management system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 4 shows levels of initial exercise intensity according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 5 shows an exercise formula according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a physical activity management system according to one further embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 7 shows a method for performing a physical activity management system according to a further embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 8 shows a conversion from ES1 to ES2 in a physical activity management system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 9 shows an exemplified exercise intensity and achieving rate of the exercise intensity detected in a physical activity management system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 10 shows an exemplified heart rate recovery detected in a physical activity management system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 11 shows an exemplified respiratory rate recovery detected in a physical activity management system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

In the following detailed description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the disclosed embodiments. It will be apparent, however, that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are schematically shown in order to simplify the drawing.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DISCLOSED EMBODIMENTS

Below, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail with reference to accompanying drawings so as to be easily realized by a person having ordinary knowledge in the art. The inventive concept may be embodied in various forms without being limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. Descriptions of well-known parts are omitted for clarity, and like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.

FIG. 1 shows steps of a physical activity management system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 1, in step S101, a training plain or an exercise solution for a user in a specific period may be produced by evaluating a background information of the user before exercising. The background information of a user may be a physical information or/and a health information of a user. The physical information may be age, gender, BMI, blood pressure, and so on. The health information may be a medical history, a family history, a habitat of smoking, and so on. The training plain may provide the user an advice about an exercise volume, an exercise intensity, frequency, and so on. The specific period may be a week, a month, a season, and so on. In step S102, a sensor may detect an exercise status of the user, such as detecting and recording a heart rate of the user while exercising. In step S103, the result of the exercise status may be analyzed and a suggestion for a training plain or an exercise solution next time may be produced. That is, the physical activity management system of the disclosure may set a personalized training plan (or an exercise solution) for a user, and actively manage the exercise manner of the user, to help the user achieving a health goal more efficiently in a safer way.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a physical activity management system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 2, a receiving unit 204 may receive a target of the exercise intensity G, an achieving rate of the exercise intensity H, an exercise status of a user 200. The exercise status of the user 200 may be detected by a sensing unit 207 including a heart rate sensing unit 207 a and a respiration sensing unit 207 b. A calculating unit 205 may analyze the exercise status, the target of the exercise intensity G, the achieving rate of the exercise intensity H sent from the receiving unit 204, and make an adjustment decision. A managing unit 206 may guide the user 200 according to the adjustment decision made by the calculating unit 205.

The heart rate sensing unit 207 a may be realized in a non-contact heart rate sensing unit, such as a radar wave heart rate sensor, or a video-based heart rate sensor, and may be realized in a contact heart rate sensor, such as a bone conduction heart rate sensor, a heart rate strap, or an Electrocardiography (ECG).

The respiration sensing unit 207 b may include a sonic frequency sensor, such as a microphone or vibration sensor.

The physical activity management system may include a notification unit 210 to notify the user 200 whether the exercise intensity needs to be adjusted, or if the target of the exercise intensity is achieved or not. The notification unit may notify the user 200 by sending an audio notification, a visual notification, a tactile notification, an olfactory notification, or a brainwave notification to the user 200. The audio notification may be, for example, a sound or music. The visual notification may be, for example, a message, an image, a video, or a light. The tactile notification may be, for example, a vibration or an electric stimulation. The olfactory notification may be any kind of odor, such as an aroma. In one embodiment, the managing unit 206 may include the notification unit 210, and notify the user whether the exercise intensity needs to be changed or how to adjust the exercise intensity. The notification unit 210 may notify the user 200 from the information sent by the calculating unit 205 or the information sent by the managing unit 206.

The physical activity management system 10 may be used to control the blood pressure, the blood sugar, the blood fat, the weight, the waist circumference, the improvement of the bone density and the depression, and so on.

FIG. 3 shows steps of a physical activity management system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 3, in step S301, the receiving unit 204 is provided to receive a target of the exercise intensity G, an achieving rate of the exercise intensity H, and an exercise status of a user 200. The exercise status may be the heart rate or the respiratory rate of the user. In step S302, the calculating unit 205 analyzes the exercise intensity G, the achieving rate of the exercise intensity H, and the exercise status of the user 200 sent from the receiving unit 204, and make an adjustment decision. In step S303, the managing unit 206 guides the user 200 according to the adjustment decision made by the calculating unit 205.

The calculating unit 205 may be realized in an electronic device (such as a processor, a computer, a server, and the like) connected/coupled to the receiving unit 204. The calculating unit 205 may be implemented in a form of software, firmware, hardware or combination thereof.

The receiving unit 204, the calculating unit 205, the managing unit 206, and the notification unit 210 could be realized by using a chip, a circuit in a chip, a firmware, a circuit board including multiple components and connections, or a storage medium storing multiple programming codes, or could be realized by such as a computer system, and electronic devices executing corresponding software, firmware or programs.

FIG. 4 shows levels of initial exercise intensity according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 4, the managing unit 206 may produce a target zone according to the background information, such as the physical information and the health information of the user 200. The physical activity management system produces 3 levels of physical fitness, such as low, medium and high levels of physical fitness, and 12 levels of different target zones. The low, medium and high levels of physical fitness represent low risk, medium risk and high risk, and further divided into 8 levels, such as low risk 1 (L1), low risk 2 (L2), medium risk 1 (M1), medium risk 2 (M2), medium risk 3 (M3), medium risk 4 (M4), high risk (H1), and high risk 2 (H2), respectively. After inputting the background information of the user 200 to the receiving unit 204, such as a wearable device, the background information may be uploaded to a cloud server, such as the managing unit 206. The cloud server may evaluate the level of the physical fitness for the user according to the background information, and set an initial target zone and an exercise period. For example, a user who has an exercise habit and no other unhealthy history may be evaluated to have a low risk physical fitness, target zone 10, and 5 minutes in the exercise period by the physical activity management system. The physical activity management system may be, for example, a wearable device, a cloud server, an APP or any other electronic device, may guide the user the initial exercise intensity and exercise volume. The cloud server may provide the user a notice for exercise before training according to at least one of the physical information, the health history, the initial exercise intensity and the initial exercise volume, to guide the user to achieve the health target zone. The receiving unit 204, the calculating unit 205 and the managing unit 206 may be in a same device having the receiving, calculating and guiding function at the same time.

The target zone may be defined as a zone for the target of exercise intensity. The exercise intensity may be measured in a unit of calorie per minute, calorie per hour, calorie per day, MET (metabolic equivalent of task), Watt, kilometer per minute, kilometer per hour, kilometer per day, heart rate intensity, heart rate, speed, respiratory frequency, Borg scale, and so on.

In one embodiment, the exercise intensity is the heart rate intensity. If a target of the heart rate intensity is 80%, the target zone may be 70%-90% in a heart rate reserve (HRR) of a heart rate intensity calculation system. If the user has an exercise intensity in the range of 70%-90%, it may regarded as achieving the target. In general, the heart rate intensity of a high intensity target zone is in a range of 60%-80%, and the heart rate intensity of a medium intensity target zone is in a range of 40%-60%. The heart rate intensity is calculated in the formula (1) and (2) described below:

Heart rate intensity=[(exercise heart rate−resting heart rate)/(maximum heart rate−resting heart rate]×100%   (1)

Maximum heart rate=220−age   (2)

The heart rate intensity may be calculated in various methods. The calculating way for the heart rate intensity of the disclosure may include various methods.

The physical activity management system may make a personalized target zone in suitable exercise intensity, such as a personalized exercise solution, and help the user exercising in a more efficient and safer way.

FIG. 5 shows an exercise solution according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 5, an example of a personalized exercise solution is shown. The physical activity management system provide the user an exercise period of 19 minutes, and suggests a gradual variation in the heart rate intensity, that is, the heart rate intensity is increased to 60% from 40%, and increased to 80%, then decreased to 40%. The target of the exercise intensity is 80%, and the target zone may be set as 70%-90%.

FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a physical activity management system according to one further embodiment of the disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 6, a physical activity management system 60 is provided. The physical activity management system 60 may include a sensing unit 607 configured to detect a physical signal, such as a heart rate and a respiratory frequency of a user 600 in a period of time, a receiving unit 604 configured to receive a background information or a first exercise solution (ES1), a calculating unit 605 including a first calculator 605 a and a second calculator 605 b. The first calculator 605 a is configured to receive a signal of the receiving unit 604 and provide the ES1 for the user 600. The first calculator 605 a may produce the ES1 by the background information 603 sent from the receiving unit, or may receive the ES1 provided by a director, such as a doctor or a coach. The second calculator 605 b is configured to produce an exercise status of the user 600 according to the physical signal of the user 600 in the period of time detected by the sensing unit 607, make an adjustment decision by comparing the ES1 and the exercise status of the user 600, and modify the ES1 to become an exercise solution 2 (ES2) according to the adjustment decision, and a managing unit 606 configured to send the ES1 and the ES2 to the user 600. In one embodiment, the receiving unit 604, the calculating unit 605, the managing unit 606, the notification unit 610 and the sensing unit 607 may be similar to the receiving unit 204, the calculating unit 205, the managing unit 206, the notification unit 210 and the sensing unit 207, respectively.

In one embodiment, the physical activity management system 60 may be used for managing a physical activity, such as an aerobic exercise. The ES1 may be a target for the frequency, the intensity, the type, the time of the physical activity or a combination thereof.

In the case that the user 600 uses the physical activity management system 60 for the first time, the first calculator 605 a may make an exercise solution 1 (ES1) for the user 600 according to the background information 603 from the receiving unit 604, so that the ES1 is produced by the first calculator 605 a. The background information 603 may include a physical information and a health information of the user 600. Alternatively, the ES1 may be produced by a doctor who evaluates the background information of the user 600 in an initial step.

In the case that the user 600 uses the physical activity management system 60 not for the first time, the ES1 is an exercise solution modified by a previous adjustment decision. The ES1 is provided by the first calculator 605 a, and second calculator 605 b modifies the ES1 to become the ES2 for the next time.

In one embodiment, the exercise status may include an exercise intensity G, an achieving rate of the exercise intensity H, a heart rate recovery R, and a respiratory rate recovery B.

The sensing unit 607 may include a heart rate sensor and a microphone disposed in an electronic device, such as a smart phone or a wearable device. The heart rate sensor may detect and record the heart rate of the user in an exercise period. The microphone may record the pant of the user 600 in an exercise period, such that a respiratory frequency of the user 600 may be detected. The physical activity management system 60 may be an APP, a computer, a smart phone, a smart watch, or any other electronic device, and the physical activity management system 60 including the receiving unit 604, the calculating unit 605 and the managing unit 606 is implemented by a software, a firmware, or by a processor performing particular programs.

FIG. 7 shows a method for performing a physical activity management system according to a further embodiment of the disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 7, in step S701, a first exercise solution (ES1) is provided for a user 600 by a first calculator 605 a. In step S702, an exercise status of the user 600 is detected by a sensing unit 607. In step S703, the second calculator 605 b makes an adjustment decision by comparing the ES1 and the exercise status. In step S704, the ES1 is modified to become an ES2 according to the adjustment decision.

FIG. 8 shows a conversion from ES1 to ES2 in a physical activity management system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 8, the ES1 may be modified to become the ES2 according to the adjustment decision depending on an exercise intensity G, an achieving rate of the exercise intensity H, a heart rate recovery R, and a respiratory rate recovery B in a linear programming method. The adjustment decision is not merely depending on the achieving rate of the exercise intensity, but also depending on the heart rate recovery R and the respiratory rate recovery B. In this way, an exercise target for the user may be evaluated in a more precise and personalized way. Moreover, the respiratory rate recovery B is produced by the calculating unit 605 which receives the respiratory frequency measured by a sensing unit 607, such as a microphone, for the user 600, not judged by the feeling of the user 600, such as Borg scale, so the exercise status of the user may be evaluated in a more objective way.

FIG. 9 shows an exemplified exercise intensity and achieving rate of the exercise intensity detected in a physical activity management system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 9, a target of an exercise intensity G (such as heart rate intensity) may be set to be 70%. If the user 600 has the exercise intensity G equal to or higher than 70%, the target of the exercise intensity G is reached. During an exercise period of 30 minutes, the heart rate intensity G is detected and recorded by the sensing unit 607. A ratio of the time reaching the target of the exercise intensity to the exercise period is calculated, and the achieving rate of the exercise intensity H is produced. For example, the user has 22 minutes in reaching the target of the exercise intensity G during the exercise period of 30 minutes, and the achieving rate of the exercise intensity H is 22/30, which equals to 0.733. In the present embodiment, the target of the exercise intensity is 70% and the target of the exercise period is 30 minute. However, the scope of the disclosure is not limited thereto. The target of the exercise intensity may be any other value according to the demands for different users, such as 50%, 60% or 80%. The target of the exercise period may also be any other time period according to the demands for different users, such as 25 minutes, 40 minutes and 60 minutes.

FIG. 10 shows an exemplified heart rate recovery detected in a physical activity management system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 10, the sensing unit 607 still detects the heart rate when the user stops exercising. The calculating unit 605, such as the second calculator 605 b, produce the heart rate recovery R according to the heart rate detected by the sensing unit 607. The time point of 30th minutes corresponds to a first point of the heart rate, such as 154, and the time point of 31th minutes corresponds to a second point of the heart rate, such as 133. Three points, such as the first point, the second point, and an intersection point of a vertical extension line from the first point and a horizontal extension line from the second point, may form a right triangle. In the right triangle, the heart rate recovery R is defined as a ratio of an angle θ₁ corresponding to the second point to 90 degrees, such as 70/90, which equals to 0.778. The angle θ₁ is defined as the following formula:

$\theta_{1} = {\tan^{- 1}\left( {\frac{{HR}_{t_{31}} - {HR}_{t_{30}}}{t_{31} - t_{30}}} \right)}$

The t₃₀ indicates the time point at 30 minutes, t₃₁ indicates the time point at 31 minutes, HR_(t30) indicates the heart rate at 30^(th) minutes, and HR_(t31) indicates the heart rate at 30^(th) minutes.

In general, the angle θ₁ is defined as the following formula:

$\theta_{1} = {\tan^{- 1}\left( {\frac{{HR}_{t_{q}} - {HR}_{t_{q - 1}}}{t_{q} - t_{q - 1}}} \right)}$

The t_(q−1) indicates the time point at q−1^(th) minutes, t_(q) indicates the time point at q^(th) minutes, HR_(t) _(q−1) indicates the heart rate at q−1^(th) minutes, and HR_(t) _(q) indicates the heart rate at q^(th) minutes.

FIG. 11 shows an exemplified respiratory rate recovery detected in a physical activity management system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 11, the sensing unit 607 still detects the respiratory frequency, such as the breathing or panting numbers per minute, when the user stops exercising. The calculating unit 605, such as the second calculator 605 b, produce the respiratory rate recovery B according to the respiratory frequency detected by the sensing unit 607. The time point of 30th minutes corresponds to a first point of the breathing numbers, such as 45, and the time point of 31th minutes corresponds to a second point of the respiratory frequency, such as 40. Three points, such as the first point, the second points and an intersection point of a vertical extension line from the first point and a horizontal extension line from the second point, may form a right triangle. In the right triangle, the respiratory rate recovery B is defined as a ratio of an angle θ₂ corresponding to the second point to 90 degrees, such as 50/90, which equals to 0.556. The angle θ₂ is defined as the following formula:

$\theta_{2} = {\tan^{- 1}\left( {\frac{{BR}_{t_{31}} - {BR}_{t_{30}}}{t_{31} - t_{30}}} \right)}$

The t₃₀ indicates the time point at 30 minutes, t₃₁ indicates the time point at 31 minutes, BR_(t30) indicates the respiratory frequency at 30^(th) minutes, and BR_(t31) indicates the respiratory frequency at 30^(th) minutes.

In general, the angle θ₂ is defined as the following formula:

$\theta_{2} = {\tan^{- 1}\left( {\frac{{BR}_{t_{q}} - {BR}_{t_{q - 1}}}{t_{q} - t_{q - 1}}} \right)}$

The t_(q−1) indicates the time point at q−1^(th) minutes, t_(q) indicates the time point at q^(th) minutes, BR_(t) _(q−1) indicates the respiratory frequency at q−1^(th) minutes, and BR_(t) _(q) indicates the respiratory frequency at q^(th) minutes.

For example, a first target of the exercise intensity in the ES1 may be modified to a second target of the exercise intensity in the ES2 according to the adjustment decision. The adjustment decision for the target of the exercise intensity G may be calculated according to the achieving rate of the heart rate intensity H, the heart rate recovery R, and the respiratory rate recovery B.

The target of the exercise intensity G may be modified according to the following formula:

G _(i) =G _(i−1) +ΔG _(i) ; G _(i)≤1

G_(i) is the target of the exercise intensity at the i_(th) time, G_(i−1) is the target of the exercise intensity at the i−1_(th) time, ΔG, is an adjustment decision for the target of the exercise intensity at the i_(th) time.

G₀ is an initial target of the exercise intensity given by a doctor or calculated by the physical activity management system according to the background information of the user.

ΔG _(i) =ΔH _(i) +ΔR _(i) +ΔB _(i)

ΔH _(i) =H _(i) −H _(i−1) ; H _(i)≤1

ΔR _(i) =R _(i) −R _(i−1) ; R ₀ =R ₁

ΔB _(i) =B _(i) −B _(i−1) ; B ₀ =B ₁

ΔH_(i) is a difference between the achieving rate of the heart rate at the i_(th) time and the achieving rate of the heart rate at the i−1_(th) time.

ΔR_(i) is a difference between the heart rate recovery at the i_(th) time and the heart rate recovery at the i−1_(th) time. R₀ is an initial heart rate recovery. R₁ is a heart rate recovery at the first time.

ΔB_(i) is a difference between the respiratory rate recovery at the i_(th) time and the respiratory rate recovery at the i−1_(th) time. B₀ is an initial respiratory rate recovery. B₁ is a respiratory rate recovery at the first time.

In brief, the physical activity management system may keep detecting, calculating and coaching the user for exercising. That is, the physical activity management system may keep comparing the exercise status at the i_(th) time (including H_(i), R_(i) and B_(i)) and the target value at the i−1_(th) time (including H_(i−1), R_(i−1), and B_(i−1)), to get the adjustment decision at the i_(th) time ΔG₁, and using the ΔG₁ and G_(i−1) to determine the target exercise intensity for the next time G_(i). The adjustment decision ΔG_(i) at the i_(th) time is a value related to differences between the exercise status at the i_(th) time (including H_(i), R_(i) and B_(i)) and the target value at the i−1_(th) time (including H_(i−1), R_(i−1) and B_(i−1)). In other words, the calculating unit 605 makes the adjustment decision ΔG_(i) by comparing an achieving rate of heart rate in the exercise status H_(i), and an achieving rate of heart rate in the first exercise solution H_(i-1), comparing the heart rate recovery in the exercise status R_(i) and a heart rate recovery in the first exercise status R_(i−1), and comparing the respiratory rate recovery in the exercise status B_(i) and a respiratory rate recovery in the first exercise solution B_(i−1).

In one embodiment, a user A set the target of the exercise intensity G₀ as 0.7, such as reaching 70% of the maximal heart rate, and the achieving rate of the exercise intensity H₀ as 0.5 in a physical activity management system which may calculate the formula described above. Then, the user A wears the device including the physical activity management system to do exercise, and the physical activity management system may detect the exercise status of the user A, such as the achieving rate of the exercise intensity at the first time H₁, the heart rate recovery at the first time R₁ and the respiratory rate recovery at the first time B₁, which are 0.33, 0.84 and 0.87, respectively. The physical activity management system may also calculate the adjustment decision at the first time ΔG₁ by comparing the exercise status at the first time (including H₁, R₁ and B₁) and the initial value including H₀, R₀ and B₀. For example, ΔG₁=(0.33−0.5)+(0.84−0.84)+(0.87−0.87)=−0.17. The target of the exercise intensity for the next time G₁ may be a modified according to the adjustment decision at the first time ΔG₁, and G₁=0.7−0.17=0.53. At the second time of exercising, if the physical activity management system detects that the achieving rate of the exercise intensity at the second time H₂, the heart rate recovery at the second time R₂ and the respiratory rate recovery B₂ at the second time of the user A are 0.33, 0.84 and 0.87, respectively, then the physical activity management system may also calculate the adjustment decision at the second time ΔG₂. For example, ΔG₂=(0.45−0.33)+(0.83−0.84)+(0.86−0.87)=0.10. The target of the exercise intensity for the next time G₂ may be a modified according to the adjustment decision at the second time ΔG₂, and G₂=0.53+0.10=0.63.

In one embodiment, a user B set the target of the exercise intensity G₀ as 0.6, such as reaching 60% of the maximal heart rate, and the achieving rate of the exercise intensity H₀ as 0.3 in a physical activity management system which may calculate the formula described above. Then, the user B wears the device including the physical activity management system to do exercise, and the physical activity management system may detect the exercise status of the user B, such as the achieving rate of the exercise intensity at the first time H₁, the heart rate recovery at the first time R₁ and the respiratory rate recovery at the first time B₁, which are 0.9, 0.92 and 0.89, respectively. The physical activity management system may also calculate the adjustment decision at the first time ΔG₁ by comparing the exercise status at the first time (including H₁, R₁ and B₁) and the initial value including H₀, R₀ and B₀. For example, ΔG₁=(0.9−0.3)+(0.92−0.92)+(0.89−0.89)=0.6. The target of the exercise intensity for the next time G₁ may be a modified according to the adjustment decision at the first time ΔG₁, and G₁=0.6+0.6=1.2. Since G₁≤1, G₁ is determined to be 1. Then, the physical activity management system may keep detecting, calculating and coaching the user B in the following exercise procedure. At the second time of exercising, if the physical activity management system detects that the achieving rate of the exercise intensity at the second time H₂, the heart rate recovery at the second time R₂ and the respiratory rate recovery B₂ at the second time of the user B are 0.85, 0.89 and 0.86, respectively, then the physical activity management system may also calculate the adjustment decision at the second time ΔG₂. For example, ΔG₂=(0.85−0.9)+(0.89−0.92)+(0.86−0.89)=−0.11. The target of the exercise intensity for the next time G₂ may be a modified according to the adjustment decision at the second time ΔG₂, and G₂=1+(−0.11)=0.89.

The method for calculating the adjustment decision is not limited thereto. Any related method calculating with the G, H, R and B may be included in the scope of the disclosure.

In one embodiment, the exercise intensity G may be a heart rate intensity, and the achieving rate of the exercise intensity may be the achieving rate of the heart rate intensity.

In an embodiment, the present application provides a physical activity management system using the exercise intensity G, the achieving rate of the exercise intensity H, the heart rate recovery R, and the respiratory rate recovery B to analyze if the exercise solution is suitable for the user or not, and making an adjustment decision to modify the exercise solution. That is, a personalized exercise solution may be provided. Since the parameters for the adjustment decision includes the respiratory rate recovery B by using the sonic frequency sensing unit to detect the respiration of the user, the evaluation to the exercise status of the user may be more accurate comparing to merely using the feeling of the user in Borg scale to evaluate the exercise status. In this way, the physical activity management system of present application may coach the exercise solution for the user in a personalized way, and the user may get a health goal, such as, controlling the blood pressure, the blood sugar, the blood fat, the weight, or the waist circumference, improving the bone density and the depression, in a more efficient and safer way.

In summary, the physical activity management system disclosed in aforementioned embodiments may use multiple parameters including the exercise intensity, the achieving rate of the exercise intensity, the heart rate recovery, and the respiratory rate recovery to analyze if an exercise solution is suitable for the user or not, and making an adjustment decision to modify the exercise solution. That is, a personalized exercise solution may be provided. Since the parameters for the adjustment decision includes the respiratory rate recovery by using a sonic frequency sensing unit to detect the respiration of the user, the evaluation to the exercise status of the user may be more accurate comparing to merely using the feeling of the user in Borg scale to evaluate the exercise status. In this way, the physical activity management system of present application may coach the exercise solution for the user in a personalized way.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the disclosed embodiments. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims and their equivalents. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for performing a physical activity management system, comprising: producing a first exercise solution for a user by a calculating unit, wherein the first exercise solution includes a first target of an exercise intensity of the user; detecting a physical signal of the user in a period of time by a sensing unit, wherein the physical signal includes a heart rate and a respiratory frequency; producing an exercise status of the user by the calculating unit according to the physical signal detected by the sensing unit, wherein the exercise status includes a heart rate recovery of the user and a respiratory rate recovery of the user; making an adjustment decision by comparing the first exercise solution and the exercise status by the calculating unit; and modifying the first exercise solution to become a second exercise solution according to the adjustment decision by the calculating unit.
 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: providing a notification unit to notify the user whether the first target of the exercise intensity needs to be adjusted.
 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensing unit comprises a heart rate sensing unit and a respiration sensing unit.
 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the respiration sensing unit is a microphone.
 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calculating unit makes the adjustment decision by comparing a first achieving rate of heart rate in the exercise status and a second achieving rate of heart rate in the first exercise solution, comparing the heart rate recovery in the exercise status and a heart rate recovery in the first exercise solution, and comparing the respiratory rate recovery in the exercise status and a respiratory rate recovery in the first exercise solution.
 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calculating unit comprises a first calculator and a second calculator, wherein the first calculator is configured to provide the first exercise solution, and the second calculator is configured to make the adjustment decision and provide the second exercise solution.
 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein a second target of an exercise intensity at i^(th) time in the second exercise solution is calculated according to the following formula: G _(i) =G _(i−-1) +ΔG _(i) ; G _(i)≤1; wherein G_(i) is the second target of the exercise intensity at the i_(th) time, G_(i−1) is the first target of the exercise intensity at the i−1_(th) time, ΔG_(i) is the adjustment decision for the second target of the exercise intensity at the i_(th) time.
 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the adjustment decision for the second target of the exercise intensity at the i_(th) time is calculated according to the following formula: ΔG _(i) =ΔH _(i) +ΔR _(i) +ΔB _(i); wherein ΔH_(i) is a difference between an achieving rate of heart rate at the i_(th) time and an achieving rate of heart rate at the i−1_(th) time, ΔR_(i) is a difference between a heart rate recovery at the i_(th) time and a heart rate recovery at the i−1_(th) time, ΔB_(i) is a difference between a respiratory rate recovery at the i_(th) time and a respiratory rate recovery at the i−1_(th) time.
 9. A physical activity management system, comprising: a sensing unit configured to detect a physical signal of a user in a period of time, wherein the physical signal includes a heart rate and a respiratory frequency; a calculating unit configured to produce a first exercise solution, produce an exercise status of the user according to the physical signal detected by the sensing unit, make an adjustment decision by comparing the exercise status and the first exercise solution, and modify the first exercise solution to become a second exercise solution according to the adjustment decision, wherein the first exercise solution includes a first target of an exercise intensity of the user, wherein the exercise status includes a heart rate recovery of the user and a respiratory rate recovery of the user.
 10. The system according to claim 9, further comprising a notification unit configured to notify the user whether the first target of the exercise intensity needs to be adjusted.
 11. The system according to claim 9, wherein the sensing unit comprises a respiration sensing unit and a respiration sensing unit.
 12. The system according to claim 11, wherein the respiration sensing unit is a sonic frequency sensor.
 13. The system according to claim 12, wherein the sonic frequency sensor includes a microphone or a vibration sensor.
 14. The system according to claim 9, wherein the calculating unit configured to make the adjustment decision by comparing a first achieving rate of heart rate in the exercise status and a second achieving rate of heart rate in the first exercise solution, compare the heart rate recovery in the exercise status and a heart rate recovery in the first exercise solution, and compare the respiratory rate recovery in the exercise status and a respiratory rate recovery in the first exercise solution.
 15. The system according to claim 9, wherein the calculating unit comprises a first calculator and a second calculator, wherein the first calculator is configured to provide the first exercise solution, and the second calculator is configured to make the adjustment decision and provide the second exercise solution.
 16. The system according to claim 15, wherein the first calculator configured to provide the first exercise solution according to a background information of the user.
 17. The system according to claim 9, wherein the adjustment decision is used for modifying the first target of the exercise intensity at i−1^(th) time in the first exercise solution to become a second target of an exercise intensity at i^(th) time in the second exercise solution, and i is an integer larger than
 0. 18. The system according to claim 9, wherein a second target of an exercise intensity at i^(th) time in the second exercise solution is calculated according to the following formula: G _(i) =G _(i−1) +ΔG _(i) ; G _(i)≤1; wherein G_(i) is the target of the exercise intensity at the i_(th) time, G_(i−1) is the target of the exercise intensity at the i−1_(th) time, ΔG_(i) is the adjustment decision for the target of the exercise intensity at the i_(th) time.
 19. The system according to claim 17, wherein the adjustment decision for the second target of the exercise intensity at the i_(th) time is calculated according to the following formula: ΔG _(i) =ΔH _(i) +ΔR _(i) +ΔB _(i); wherein ΔH_(i) is a difference between an achieving rate of heart rate at the i_(th) time and an achieving rate of heart rate at the i−1_(th) time, ΔR_(i) is a difference between a heart rate recovery at the i_(th) time and a heart rate recovery at the i−1_(th) time, ΔB_(i) is a difference between a respiratory rate recovery at the i_(th) time and a respiratory rate recovery at the i−1_(th) time. 